Nearsightedness
Myopia — Causes, Control & Treatment
Myopia (nearsightedness) is the most common refractive error worldwide — and its prevalence is increasing dramatically, particularly in children. It is now recognized as a significant eye health concern beyond just a vision inconvenience.
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Signs & Symptoms
- Blurred distance vision
- Clear near vision
- Squinting to see clearly
- Eye strain and headaches from squinting
- Difficulty driving or reading signs
What Causes This?
- Eyeball growing too long (axial myopia)
- Genetics — myopic parents increase risk significantly
- Near work and insufficient outdoor time in children
- Urban living
50%
World population projected myopic by 2050
5x
Higher retinal detachment risk at -6D
Treatment Options
Glasses and Contact Lenses
Correct vision but do not affect myopia progression.
Myopia Control
MiSight, Ortho-K, and atropine slow progression — most important in children.
LASIK/PRK
Corrects myopia in adults but does not reduce long-term health risk from high myopia.
Frequently Asked Questions
Why does myopia matter beyond vision correction?
High myopia (> -6D) significantly increases lifetime risk of retinal detachment, glaucoma, and macular degeneration. Controlling progression in childhood reduces this risk.
Related Topics
Concerned About Your Eye Health?
Schedule a comprehensive eye exam with Dr. Kentaro Yamada, M.D. at Hillcrest Eye Care.